All Three Giza Causeways Terminate at a Now-Vanished River
Full Description
Each of the three major Giza pyramids has a causeway pointing east to a location where no water exists today. The 2024 discovery of the Ahramat Nile Branch (Ghoneim et al., Nature) revealed that an extinct 500m-wide, 25m-deep river channel once ran exactly where all three causeways terminate. This means the causeways were not merely ceremonial — they were functional infrastructure connecting to a harbor system. But the precision of the alignment (three independently built causeways over 70 years all converging on the same river edge) implies master planning across multiple pharaonic reigns.
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